Departmental Degree Programs

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East Asian Languages and Literatures
Department Chair: Thomas Rimer
Main Office: 1501 Cathedral of Learning
(412) 624-5568 (phone) (412) 624-4419 (fax)
http://www.pitt.edu/~fasgrad/easian.html

PRIMARY FACULTY: Professors: McDONALD, RIMER (Chair); Associate Professors: BARNES, MILLS, SUN; Assistant Professor: LU, NARA

AFFILIATED FACULTY: (Adjunct faculty and those with primary appointments in other areas) Professors: HOPPER (Adjunct, History), SMETHURST (Classics); Assistant Professor: CARLITZ (Adjunct)

Admission to Graduate Status
In addition to evidence of academic promise, applicants generally have some Chinese or Japanese language study. However, applicants with strong academic credentials who have no previous language training will be given serious consideration if they can show how an interdisciplinary language and area program in East Asian Studies will contribute to their long-term goals.

Applicants must submit original transcripts and GRE scores. Three letters of recommendation are required and should be sent directly to the East Asian Languages and Literatures Department at 1501 Cathedral of Learning. Non-native English speakers must submit an original copy of TOEFL scores and must have achieved at least 600 on that exam. The undergraduate GPA must be over 3.0 on a 4.0 scale for admission. A two-page Statement of Purpose describing how the Interdisciplinary Master's (IDMA) can fulfill the student's academic and intellectual goals must be submitted. Applicants may be required to submit a paper that demonstrates their writing skills. Other requirements are those set by the Office of Graduate Studies.

Interdisciplinary Master's Program in East Asian Studies
The Interdisciplinary MA degree in East Asian Studies is granted through the Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures; the Asian Studies Program administers the IDMA. (See Interdisciplinary Programs later in this bulletin.) Courses are taught by faculty members who specialize in East Asia and who are in different academic departments and schools. The Interdisciplinary MA in East Asian Studies combines advanced language training with study in the social sciences and humanities focusing on East Asia. It is primarily intended for pre-doctoral students who desire intensive area training before choosing a doctoral program in a single discipline; or for those planning professional careers in government, business, journalism, or pre-college teaching. The strength of this interdisciplinary approach lies in the fact that students are able to elect to work with faculty in a wide variety of disciplines, as well as pursue courses in a number of different areas throughout the humanities and social sciences.

Requirements
The Interdisciplinary Master's requires a minimum of 24 credits of course work (excluding language credits) in two or more departments. At least six of the required credits must be taken in course work relating to the ancient and modern history of either China or Japan. A research paper, whose topic and content are approved by the student's academic adviser and a faculty committee chosen by the student, must be completed. The research paper must show an ability to use sources in an East Asian language, generally requiring the equivalent of three years' college-level study.

When course work and research paper have been completed, the student must pass an oral comprehensive examination, administered by the student's faculty committee, in East Asian Studies from the perspective of at least two disciplines. The interdisciplinary nature of the program comes from the requirements for taking graduate-level courses in different departments and not from specially constructed interdisciplinary courses.

The candidate and an academic adviser work together to plan a coherent program designed to assure the mastery of specified knowledge and skills, rather than a random accumulation of a certain number of courses. This is typically a two-year program, designed for students who already have some Chinese or Japanese language study.

Courses Carrying Graduate Credit
Graduate courses are numbered at the 2000-level. Certain courses at the 1000 level may be taken for graduate credit with permission of the student's graduate adviser. Descriptions of the 1000-level courses are printed in the CAS Course Descriptions published each term. In addition, the Asian Studies Program prints a course description booklet of all Asia-related courses throughout the University for each term.

Master's Program in Chinese Languages and Literature (presently not available)

1022 HISTORY OF THE CHINESE LANGUAGE
1023 INTRODUCTION TO THE CHINESE LANGUAGE
1024 METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING CHINESE AS A SECOND LANGUAGE
1025 LANGUAGE AND SOCIAL CHANGE IN MODERN CHINA
1030 READINGS IN CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE I
1031 READINGS IN CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE II
1040 INTRODUCTION TO LITERARY CHINESE
1041 INTERMEDIATE LITERARY CHINESE
1043 HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL TEXTS
1047 CHINESE AND WESTERN POETRY

Students not having graduate standing in the Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures must have permission of the instructor before registering for any of the following courses.

2000 THESIS
2010 SEMINAR: MASTERPIECES OF CHINESE LITERATURE
2021 SEMINAR: CHINESE LINGUISTICS
2022 STRUCTURE OF MODERN CHINESE I
2023 STRUCTURE OF MODERN CHINESE II
2024 CHINESE PEDAGOGY I
2025 CHINESE PEDAGOGY II
2026 MATERIALS AND EVALUATION
2027 HISTORY OF CHINESE LANGUAGE
2047 CHINESE AND WESTERN POETRY
2065 SOURCES ON EAST ASIA
2902 DIRECTED STUDY
2990 INDEPENDENT STUDY

Economics
Department Chair: Frank Giarratani
Main Office: 4S01 Forbes Quadrangle
(412) 648-1742 (phone) (412) 648-1793 (fax)
http://www.pitt.edu/~econlist/economics.html

PRIMARY FACULTY: Professors: J. CASSING, GIARRATANI (Chair), GRUVER, HAM, HUSTED, KAGEL, KATZ, MAESHIRO, MESA-LAGO (Distinguished Service Professor of Economics and Latin American Studies), OCHS, RAWSKI, RENY, RICHARD, ROTH (Andrew Mellon Professor), SVEJNAR (Distinguished Service Professor of Economics), WELLS; Associate Professors: BEESON, CHESLER, DEJONG, KENKEL, SONTHEIMER, WICHERS; Assistant Professors: AOYAGI, BERKOWITZ,

COOPER, DUFFY, HARRIGAN; Senior Lecturer: S. CASSING; Lecturer: BOERIO

AFFILIATED FACULTY (Adjunct faculty and those with primary appointments in other areas.) Professors: BLAIR (Business), FARBER (GSPIA), GAL-OR (Business), HOOLEY (GSPIA), LAVE (GSPH), WHITMAN (Adjunct, Distinguished Service Professor); Associate Professors: TERRELL (GSPIA), SPIRO (Business); Assistant Professor: TROESKEN (History)

EMERITUS FACULTY: Professors: CHAPMAN, CHOU, HOUSTON, KANSKY, PERLMAN, SLESINGER

The Department of Economics offers a PhD degree program. The MA is awarded to students who pass the PhD comprehensive exams.

The department offers a broad range of research opportunities for graduate students. Members of the department are engaged in a wide variety of research projects; currently, strength is greatest in the following fields:

Applied Microeconomics (including Labor, and Regional and Urban economics)

Comparative, development, and area studies (including Latin American, East European, and East Asian)
Econometrics
Game theory, industrial organization, and experimental economics
International economics
Macroeconomics

Workshops in the fields provide opportunities for experience with research in the early stage of the graduate program. Workshops typically include two or more faculty members and meet in either the fall or spring term. Students are expected to complete much of their field study and research in the workshops.

Virtually all English-language publications in economics are received by the University libraries.

In addition to the training and instruction provided by the department, students may take courses in other departments, and faculty members from other units of the University are available to serve on thesis or dissertation committees within the Economics Department. In addition, students may elect courses at Carnegie Mellon. Students working for a graduate degree in economics may simultaneously earn a certificate in the Asian, Latin American, Russian and East European, or Western European area studies programs (described elsewhere in this bulletin).

The department makes available a handbook for graduate students in economics at the start of the academic year. This handbook contains information about rules and procedures that modify and/or clarify the rules and procedures as described in this bulletin.

Admission and Aid
All applicants must provide scores on the verbal, quantitative, and analytical Graduate Record Examination (GRE), and the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) is required if the applicant's native language is not English; this applies where English is not the native language even if English has been the medium of instruction. An undergraduate degree in economics is not required for admission. However, a knowledge of intermediate microeconomic and macroeconomic theory is strongly advised. The first year's PhD core courses assume a minimum of two semesters of calculus, linear algebra, matrix algebra and a course in probability and statistics. Students are admitted for the fall term. (See Admissions and Registration)

Exceptionally able undergraduates in the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Pittsburgh have the opportunity to complete an accelerated program combining the BA and MA degrees in economics in a total of five years. (See Early Admission Program)

Financial aid is available primarily in the form of teaching assistantships and teaching fellowships. (See the general section Financial Assistance.)

The Doctor of Philosophy Program
The PhD program of the department is designed to achieve three objectives: provide the training needed for effective teaching of economics, develop the research skills essential to independent study of current economic problems, and advance economic knowledge through an intensive and varied departmental research program. The curriculum, the workshops, faculty and student research projects, and the employment opportunities available to students are all directed toward the accomplishment of these goals.

The following requirements specific to economics should be read in conjunction with the general PhD requirements for all FAS students.

1. Required Courses

a. Theory

Completion of Econ 2100, Advanced Microtheory I; Econ 2110, Advanced Macrotheory I; Econ 2120, Advanced Microtheory II; and Econ 2130, Advanced Macrotheory II.

b. Econometrics

Completion of both Econ 2020 Introduction to Econometrics, and Econ 2150 General Econometrics. A minimum grade of B is required in both Econ 2020 and Econ 2150.

c. Mathematics

Completion of Econ 2010 Mathematical Methods of Analysis. Students with strong math background can petition the Graduate Committee for exemption from this requirement.

NOTE 1: Advanced calculus, differential equations, linear algebra, one semester of matrix algebra, and a course in probability and statistics are prerequisites for the above course requirements.

NOTE 2: The above required courses are generally completed in the first two semesters of study.

2. Minimum Credit Requirement

a. At least 72 credits in course, seminar, and independent and directed study at the 1000 (not all 1000-level courses carry graduate credit.), 2000, and 3000 levels. Some of these may be transfer credits. (See General Degree Regulations, Transfer Credits.) In addition:

b. At least 30 graded credits in course work in addition to required courses.

3. Minimum average GPA (grade point average) of 3.0 in all courses counting toward
graduation.

4. Examinations

a. Theory examinations

The PhD Comprehensive Theory Exam is a six-hour exam covering microeconomics and macroeconomics in two parts, written on two successive days. Both parts must be taken together the first time. If either or both parts are failed the first time, the relevant part(s) may be retaken later. The exam is based on, but not limited to, the material covered in Econ 2100, 2110, 2120, and 2130, and should be taken as soon as the student has completed these courses. Ordinarily, the student should take the exam at the beginning of the fall term (late August or early September) of his or her second year as a PhD student. The PhD preliminary evaluation is considered passed when the PhD Comprehensive Theory Exam has been passed. Students are able to retake the failed theory exam(s) to earn a "pass." A student is always permitted a second attempt. A student may petition for a third attempt, which will be decided at the discretion of the Graduate Committee. A student who is denied or does not succeed on the third attempt will be dismissed from the Graduate Program.

b. Field Requirements

Each student must select a "research" field and an "examination" field.

A four-hour comprehensive written examination must be passed by the student in his or her "examination" field. The field examination cannot be taken before passing the two theory examinations.

The student will select a "research" field and a faculty member to supervise his or her work in the research field. Significant progress toward completion of the research project must be demonstrated by the end of the second year of study. The research field requirements are to be completed during the third year of study. The student must register for an ongoing field workshop, or Econ 2720, or for supervised research with an individual faculty member as part of the research requirements.

The student must write and defend the research paper in a public oral examination by the end of the spring term of his or her third year.

The student should choose both his or her examination and research field in consultation with the Director of Graduate Studies.

5. Dissertation Overview (Admission to Degree Candidacy)

Candidates may appear for the overview only after they have completed all of the comprehensive examinations and other departmental requirements. The overview consists of a written statement and oral presentation to the major adviser and tentative doctoral committee on: (a) the general subject of the proposed dissertation, (b) the principal bodies of source materials to be used, (c) the techniques and methods to be pursued, and (d) a survey of the literature relevant to the chosen topic.

6. Writing of dissertation and final oral examination. (See Requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree, Application for Graduation.)

Conducted by the doctoral committee, the final oral examination is primarily the candidate's defense of the dissertation. Although the examination will deal intensively with the dissertation and its significance, it need not be so confined.

7. In addition, those receiving funding as a TA/TF are required to take Econ 2740 Teaching Economics.

Courses, Seminars, and Workshops
The course titles suggest the range of topics from which the material for the given term is likely to be selected. The emphasis accorded to any one or more topics may vary with the instructor who is assigned to the course. More complete course descriptions are published prior to each term in the CAS Course Descriptions (1000-level courses) and the FAS Course Descriptions (2000- and 3000-level courses). Some courses are offered infrequently.

1010 AMERICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY I
1060 ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS HISTORY OF THE U.S.
(also listed as Hist 1646)
*1100 INTERMEDIATE MICROECONOMICS
*1110 INTERMEDIATE MACROECONOMICS
1130 OPERATIONS RESEARCH METHODS IN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
1140 ECONOMIC MODELING AND FORECASTING
1150 QUANTITATIVE METHODS I
1160 QUANTITATIVE METHODS II
1170 MATH FOR ECONOMISTS
1180 MATHEMATICAL ECONOMICS I
1200 INTRODUCTION TO GAME THEORY
1230 INTERMEDIATE PUBLIC FINANCE
1260 INTERMEDIATE MICRO/BUSINESS ECONOMICS
1280 MONETARY THEORY AND POLICY
1300 INTRODUCTION TO REGIONAL ANALYSIS
1310 METHODS OF REGIONAL ANALYSIS
1320 URBAN ECONOMICS
1390 WORK, SELF, SOCIETY
1400 THEORIES OF LABOR UNIONS
1410 COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
1420 INTERMEDIATE LABOR MARKET ANALYSIS
1430 WOMEN AT WORK
1440 ECONOMICS OF CORPORATE FINANCE
1450 MODERN THEORIES OF FIRM AND MARKET
1470 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION
1480 GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF BUSINESS
1500 INTERMEDIATE INTERNATIONAL TRADE
1510 INTERMEDIATE INTERNATIONAL FINANCE
1520 ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
1530 DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
1540 THEORY OF ECONOMIC GROWTH
1560 WORLD OF FOOD ECONOMY AND ORDER
1590 PEOPLES AND RESOURCES OF E. EUROPE AND THE USSR
1610 LATIN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT
1620 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIALIST CUBA
1630 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA
1640 JAPANESE ECONOMIC GROWTH
1670 ECONOMIES OF THE USSR AND EAST EUROPE
1700 PROSEMINAR: METHODOLOGY OF ECONOMICS
1710 PROSEMINAR: INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
1720 PROSEMINAR: MONETARY AND MACROECONOMICS
1730 SEMINAR: EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMICS
1905 SPECIAL TOPICS
1960 POLITICS AND ECONOMICS OF PUBLIC POLICY

*Does not carry graduate credit but may be required of students with weak theoretical background

2010 MATHEMATICAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS
2020 INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMETRICS
2100 ADVANCED MICROECONOMIC THEORY I
2110 ADVANCED MACROECONOMICS THEORY I
2120 ADVANCED MICROECONOMIC THEORY II
2130 ADVANCED MACROECONOMIC THEORY II
2150 GENERAL ECONOMETRICS
2160 ECONOMETRICS FOR PRACTITIONERS
2170 MATHEMATICAL ECONOMICS
2180 DYNAMIC ECONOMICS I
2190 DYNAMIC ECONOMICS II
2200 INTRODUCTION TO GAME THEORY I
2210 INTRODUCTION TO GAME THEORY II
2220 TOPICS IN EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMICS
2230 PUBLIC FINANCE I
2250 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH
2260 ADVANCED ECONOMETRICS I
2270 ADVANCED ECONOMETRICS II
2280 MONETARY THEORY
2290 MONETARY POLICY
2300 REGIONAL ECONOMICS
2320 URBAN ECONOMICS
2400 LABOR MARKET ANALYSIS
2410 LABOR MARKET ANALYSIS
2470 THEORY OF INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION
2490 EARNINGS AND EMPLOYMENT THIRD WORLD
2500 INTERNATIONAL TRADE
2510 INTERNATIONAL FINANCE
2520 COMPARATIVE ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
2530 DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
2540 ECONOMIC GROWTH
2560 WORLD FOOD ECONOMY
2570 INTERNATIONAL TRADE POLICY
2700 SPECIAL TOPICS IN ECONOMICS
2713 TOPICS IN MACROECONOMICS
2720 COMPREHENSIVE RESEARCH PAPER
2730 SEMINAR IN EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMICS
2740 TEACHING ECONOMICS
2770 COMPREHENSIVE PREPARATION
2900 ADVANCED TOPICS IN ECONOMICS
2930 RESEARCH SEMINAR: ECONOMY OF CHINA
2990 INDEPENDENT STUDY
3000 PhD RESEARCH AND DISSERTATION
3110 SEMINAR IN MACROECONOMICS
3150 SPECIAL TOPICS IN ECONOMETRICS
3150 SEMINAR IN ECONOMETRICS
3160 WORKSHOP IN ECONOMETRICS
3170 SEMINAR IN MATHEMATICAL ECONOMICS
3200 SEMINAR IN GAME THEORY
3210 EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMIC WORKSHOP
3280 WORKSHOP IN MONETARY ECONOMICS
3400 WORKSHOP IN LABOR ECONOMICS
3470 WORKSHOP IN INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT
3500 WORKSHOP IN INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
3520 WORKSHOP IN COMPARATIVE AND DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
3610 WORKSHOP IN LATIN AMERICAN ECONOMICS I
3620 WORKSHOP IN LATIN AMERICAN ECONOMICS II

For additional information about degree programs, course offerings and descriptions, please contact the Department of Economics, 4S01 Forbes Quadrangle, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260.

English
Department Chair: David Bartholomae
Main Office: 526 Cathedral of Learning
(412) 624-6555 (phone) (412) 624-6639 (fax)
http://www.pitt.edu/DOC/95/52/54269/English.html

PRIMARY FACULTY: BARTHOLOMAE (Chair); Directors: HARRIS (Composition); FISCHER (Film);

S. CARR (Literature); OCHESTER (Writing); KNAPP (Graduate Studies); Professors: ARAC, BARTHOLOMAE, BOVE, BRISCOE (Dean, College of Arts and Sciences), BRUMBLE, W. COLES, EMANUEL, FISCHER, GUTKIND, KNAPP, LANDY, MacCABE, MOONEY, NORDAN, NOVY, OCHESTER, POLAN, TOBIAS, WEST; Associate Professors: BREIGHT, J. CARR, S. CARR, N. COLES, CURRAN, DAVID, DERRICOTTE, DOBLER, FEUER, FLANDERS, HARRIS, HELFAND, KAMEEN, KAY, KINDER, R. MARSHALL, PETESCH, SALVATORI, SEARLE, SIMS, P. SMITH, S. SMITH, SUTHERLAND, WION; Assistant Professors: ANDRADE, BECKWITH, CHEONG, CLARKE, CONAWAY, GAMMON, GLAZENER, HIGGINS, JUDY, KRIPS, M. MARSHALL, PURI, SEITZ, TWYNING; Lecturer: RAWSON; Academic Adviser: PUGLIANO

AFFILIATED FACULTY: (Adjunct faculty and those with primary appointments in other areas) Professors: BRUTUS (Black Studies), PETROSKY (Education); Associate Professor: BERRIAN (Black Studies)

EMERITUS FACULTY: Professors: CULVER, EVERT, GALE, GULBRANSON, HINMAN, MARRS, O'BRIEN SCHAEFER, PHILBRICK, TAUBE, WHITMAN

Admission to Graduate Status
The department offers the MA in literature, the MFA in writing, and the PhD in cultural and critical studies. Admission to graduate standing in English presupposes an undergraduate major of at least 24 credits in English language and literature courses. Students with fewer credits may be required by their adviser to take certain undergraduate courses to make up their deficiencies.

All applications for admission to the graduate programs in literature or cultural studies must be accompanied by certified scores on the verbal section of the Graduate Record Examination; the Advanced section of the GRE is optional but highly recommended. Those seeking admission to the MFA in writing must provide the verbal score. Applications for financial aid must be completed before February 1 for admission the following September. All other applications for fall term will be accepted through April 1.

Students should consult the Graduate Student Handbook, available in 526 Cathedral of Learning, for a fuller description of the requirements and procedures for each degree. The minimal requirements for the degrees established by the Graduate Faculty of the University and by the Office of Graduate Studies, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, as described elsewhere in this bulletin, should be read in conjunction with the specific departmental requirements for these degrees in the following sections.

Graduate courses are also open to qualified persons who may not be formally enrolled in the graduate program; details are available from the departmental office.

The Master's Program
Course requirements for the MA are as follows: nine English courses (27 credits). Normally, all nine courses shall be taken at the graduate level (2000 and 3000 series).

For the MA degree, the department requires reading knowledge of one foreign language. French, German, Latin, Classical Greek, Hebrew, Italian, Spanish, and Russian are acceptable languages; others may be offered only with departmental approval. This requirement will be fulfilled by examinations administered by faculty of University language departments or in consultation with members of language departments at other institutions. A student may substitute for the examination a graduate course in a language department (requiring extensive translation) passed at the A or B level. Under certain circumstances, language examinations passed at other graduate schools may be applied toward fulfillment of this requirement. The MFA in writing does not include a language requirement.

Twice a year, in March and in July, MA candidates who have completed or are about to complete their course work may take the MA comprehensive exam. It is a written exam in two parts, each lasting three hours, given on successive days.

Students in the MFA program who wish to enter the PhD program will be required to pass this exam to be considered for admission.

Students will be expected to demonstrate on the exam: familiarity with a wide range of British, American, and other literary works, in a variety of modes, genres, and styles, from a variety of historical periods; skill in analyzing and interpreting specific literary texts; familiarity with contemporary critical perspectives and the history of criticism; ability to relate literary texts to their contexts-biographical, historical, generic, etc.; ability to describe and give a rationale for their own critical assumptions and procedures. All MA students are required to take ENGLIT 2010, Introduction to Modern Critical Practice.

MA students who wish to continue for the PhD degree should apply in writing to the department Director of Graduate Studies by February 1 of the year in which they expect to begin PhD studies. Due to the competitive nature of the program, MA students cannot be guaranteed a place in the PhD program.

MFA Program in Writing
The applicant to the MFA in Writing should read the department's standard information about admission requirements, regulations, and teaching assistantships and fellowships and should fill out the standard application form for admission to graduate study in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. The applicant should be familiar with the stipulations that pertain specifically to the writing program and should submit the writing sample, which is described below, and the application to the writing program. The writing sample is particularly important.

Candidates for admission to the MFA in Writing need not have been undergraduate writing or English majors but should be prepared to submit a sample of recent writing. Applicants will be judged upon Graduate Record Examination scores (general aptitude only in the writing program), undergraduate grades, recommendations, and-especially-writing samples. The applicant should submit as a writing sample approximately 50 pages in fiction or nonfiction or approximately 20 pages in poetry of his or her best work.

The MFA in Writing will be awarded for the completion of a minimum of 36 course credit hours with a minimum grade point average of 3.0, plus the completion of an acceptable final manuscript (details later this section).

Twelve of these credits are to be earned in four three-credit writing courses, at least nine of the 12 in workshops in the student's area of major interest (fiction, nonfiction, or poetry), and three in a graduate-level readings course. The graduate-level readings course should be taken as early as possible. The first workshop taken upon the student's entering the program should be one in the area of major interest. (Allowances can be made for a student's possible change of mind about the area of major interest.)

Three of the 36 credits are to be earned in the literature program's graduate course in Modern Critical Practice (ENGLIT 2010) or acceptable substitute (see Graduate Student Handbook), which should be taken as early as possible in the student's career. Six are to be earned in English or American literature courses at the graduate level. A maximum of three may be earned in English or American literature courses at the 1000 level. Twelve elective hours may be taken in literature or writing. See the Graduate Student Handbook for restrictions on electives.

Teaching seminars will not be required of all students; students applying for teaching assistantships or teaching fellowships, however, should note that registration and participation in teaching seminars are required of students holding those positions.

There are no foreign language requirements for the student in the writing program.

The final manuscript is equivalent to the MA comprehensive examination. It consists of a book-length manuscript of the student's best work in the area of major interest. The manuscript shall be submitted to a committee of three English Department faculty members-two writing Graduate Faculty in the student's area of major interest and one member of the literature Graduate Faculty. The student may recommend committee members, but the writing program director has final approval.

The Doctoral Program
The PhD in cultural and critical studies offered by the English Department has been designed to address the intellectual opportunities and the professional needs of a discipline experiencing fundamental change. Recognizing the importance of certain kinds of traditional work, as well as the challenge of a number of recent developments, the program is based on a commitment to: (1) ground its teaching and research in a continuing process of self-scrutiny, by serious engagement with the theoretical and critical debates of the time; (2) understand literary texts as historical productions, with the corollary that "high" literature may be read in conjunction with texts traditionally seen as marginal or as not "literary" at all (popular literature, texts by women and minorities, film, discursive writing, student writing, etc.); (3) bring together areas of scholarly inquiry which, for largely institutional reasons, have been kept apart: primarily, composition research and pedagogy dealing with the social constitution of writing, literary and intellectual history, and theoretical inquiry into the power of language and its relationship to social order and social change.

For the PhD, the student must earn at least 48 credits in addition to those earned for the MA. These must include at least 24 credits in course work and six credits in dissertation research. The remaining 18 credits may be earned either in course work or in dissertation research. Several seminars each year will be held specifically for advanced students. A PhD candidate may not include courses from the 1000 series. The student's adviser may approve courses in other departments if such courses will strengthen the student's program.

All PhD students are required to teach for at least two terms and to complete successfully the teaching seminar (2510).

The department requires reading knowledge of two foreign languages or comprehensive command of one language. The language requirement passed at the MA level will partially satisfy the PhD language requirement. Any language relevant to the student's project or, more generally, to the anticipated conditions of future scholarship and teaching may fulfill this requirement. This requirement will be fulfilled by examinations administered by faculty of University language departments or in consultation with members of language departments at other institutions. A student may substitute for the comprehensive command examination a graduate course in a language department (when taught in the language in question) passed at the A or B level. Under certain circumstances, language examinations passed at other graduate schools may be applied toward fulfillment of this requirement. Tools of research other than languages (such as proficiency in computer science) may be substituted for a second language subject to departmental approval.

As part of learning to initiate a serious critical project, each student, in conjunction with an exam committee, should define the program of study and readings on which he or she would be tested. Work on the exams might well lead fairly directly into the dissertation, but it should not be considered as simply a first attempt at that task. Rather, it should be a broader investigation of topics and issues that might then be the subject of a more detailed written inquiry. Preparation for the exams might well include course work/readings in other disciplines and genealogical research on the topic as well as the traditional literary historical studies.

The critical project may include composition or film. The department offers an optional specialization in composition theory and pedagogy.

Advising
Fiore Pugliano, who is knowledgeable about the curriculum, program requirements, departmental policies, and procedures, is the academic adviser for graduate students.

Courses Carrying Graduate Credit
Undergraduate courses numbered in the 1000 series sometimes may be taken for graduate credit by master's students, but only within the limits listed previously. English departmental undergraduate courses at this level are separated into two distinct series, one for literature and language, the other for writing. Descriptions of these courses are available in the FAS Course Descriptions, which is published just before registration each term.

A variety of undergraduate courses is offered in each of the following categories each term: Introductory Literature Courses, Theories of Literature and Culture, British Literature, American Literature, Fantasy, Myth, Folktale, International Modernism/Post Modernism, Film, Language, Genre, Mode, Specialized Textual Practices, Gender, Race, Class, Nation, Popular Culture, Theme and Interdisciplinary, Senior Seminar, and English Writing.

Graduate courses, numbered 2000 and higher, vary greatly from term to term. The following list includes all seminars offered in recent years. In the average term, a dozen or more courses or seminars in literature and in writing are available, as well as several basic and advanced teaching seminars. Students should consult the Schedule of Classes and the FAS Course Descriptions published prior to the term for which they are registering. All courses are three credits unless otherwise indicated.

English Literature
2010 INTRODUCTION TO MODERN CRITICAL PRACTICE
2011 ISSUES IN CULTURAL STUDIES
2012 INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL/CULTURAL STUDY
2017 READER RESPONSE CRITICISM
2018 RECEPTION THEORIES
2021 HISTORY AND SPECTACLE
2022 POST STRUCTURALISM
2032 GENDER AND DISCOURSE
2033 FEMINIST THEORY
2034 WOMEN AND LITERACY
2035 BLACK LITERARY CRITICISM AND THEORY
2043 THEORY OF POPULAR CULTURE
2053 METAPHOR AND CRITICAL THEORY
2106 MEDIEVAL LITERATURE AND CULTURE
2109 EPIC BACKGROUND
2110 HISTORY AND REPRESENTATION
2115 CHAUCER
2118 ALLEGORY AND ICONOGRAPHY
2125 ENGLISH RENAISSANCE
2126 SHAKESPEARE
2127 SHAKESPEARE, CINEMA AND SOCIETY
2128 RENAISSANCE DISCOURSES OF GENDER
2132 ELIZABETHAN AND JACOBEAN DRAMA
2133 17TH-CENTURY POETRY
2140 MILTON
2150 RESTORATION AND 18TH CENTURY
2151 18TH-CENTURY BRITISH SOCIAL THEORY
2154 SOCIAL THEORY 18TH-CENTURY NOVEL
2155 SENSIBILITY
2160 BLAKE
2170 BRITISH ROMANTICS
2176 19TH-CENTURY BRITISH NOVEL
2177 DICKENS
2202 CONCEPTUALIZING TRADITIONS
2205 RECONSTRUCTING AMERICAN LITERATURE
2210 AMERICAN RENAISSANCE
2211 SCRIBBLING WOMEN /CLASSIC AMERICAN AUTHORS
2221 LITERATURE OF REFORM 1820-1890
2223 LITERATURE AND HEGEMONY
2230 ANGLO-AMERICAN CULTURAL EXCHANGE
2243 NEW WORLD SLAVE NARRATIVE
2245 BLACK LITERATURE
2250 20TH-CENTURY AMERICAN LITERATURE
2255 AMERICAN DRAMA
2256 DRAMATIZING AMERICAN WOMEN
2280 CONTEMPORARY AMERICAN NOVEL
2282 HISTORY OF FILM I
2285 RACE AND GENDER IN 20TH-CENTURY POETRY
2320 THE AVANT-GARDE
2325 MODERNISM
2326 MODERN POETRY
2329 CONTEMPORARY NOVEL
2350 POST MODERNISM
2382 IRISH LITERARY REVIVAL
2389 THIRD WORLD LITERATURE
2390 HISTORY OF COLONIALISM 1492-PRESENT
2391 WOMEN WRITERS FROM AFRICA AND DIASPORA
2392 LITERATURE OF SLAVERY
2393 AFRICAN NARRATIVES
2451 FILM HISTORY/THEORY
2460 FILM AND LITERATURE
2461 GENRE AND FILM
2462 COMIC THEORY AND THE CINEMA
2470 WOMEN AND FILM
2472 BLACK IMAGES IN AMERICAN CINEMA
2477 CLASSICAL HOLLYWOOD CINEMA
2510 SEMINAR IN TEACHING COMPOSITION
2516 PROFESSIONALISM AND THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY
2518 WESTERN PA. WRITING PROJECT SUMMER INSTITUTE FOR TEACHERS
2520 WRITING AS TEACHERS
2525 COMPOSITION STUDIES
2531 SEQUENCING
2533 ADVANCED RESEARCH IN COMPOSITION
2535 FORMATIVE/SUMMATIVE EVALUATION OF WRITING
2540 WRITING AND DIFFERENCE
2541 WPWP ADVANCED INSTITUTE
2565 PRODUCING BOOKS, PRODUCING SUBJECTS
2566 FIGURING WRITING
2589 TOPICS IN ENGLISH STUDY
2590 PROJECT RESEARCH SEMINAR
2601 COMEDY
2602 TRAGEDY
2609 MELODRAMA
2610 THE NOVEL: TEXTS AND THEORY
2970 TEACHING OF ENGLISH
2990 INDEPENDENT STUDY
3000 DISSERTATION RESEARCH FOR THE PhD DEGREE
3018 THEORIES OF RECEPTION
3101 DISCOURSE OF PRIMITIVISM
3103 LITERATURE OF SLAVERY
3120 MARX
3121 MARXIST LITERARY CRITICISM
3125 DERRIDA
3130 INTERROGATING CANONICITY
3141 INTELLECTUALS
3143 CRITIQUE OF HUMANISM
3150 LITERACY AND PEDAGOGY
3155 HISTORY OF RHETORIC
3160 FILM THEORY/LITERARY THEORY
3161 CINEMA AND DESIRE
3169 TOPICS IN 19TH-CENTURY CULTURE
3205 HENRY ADAMS
3461 GENRE AND FILM MELODRAMA
3589 ADVANCED TOPICS IN ENGLISH STUDIES
3902 DIRECTED STUDY FOR PhD STUDENT

English Writing
2010 FICTION WORKSHOP
2080 GRADUATE PLAYWRITING
2092 WRITER'S JOURNALS
2094 READINGS IN CONTEMPORARY FICTION
2095 TOPICS IN FICTION
2210 POETRY WORKSHOP
2290 READINGS IN CONTEMPORARY POETRY
2291 UNDERGROUND AND AVANT-GARDE
2292 CONTEMPORARY POETRY IN TRANSLATION
2293 TOPICS IN POETRY
2310 NON-FICTION WORKSHOP
2390 READINGS IN CONTEMPORARY NON-FICTION
2392 DOCUMENTARY FILM WRITING
2400 TOPICS IN NON-FICTION: MAGAZINE
2401 TOPICS IN NON-FICTION: ELECTRONIC MEDIA
2970 TEACHING OF ENGLISH
2990 INDEPENDENT STUDY
3009 DIRECTED STUDY

French and Italian Languages and Literatures
Department Chair: Daniel Russell
Main Office: 1328-H Cathedral of Learning
(412) 624-5221 (phone) (412) 624-4575 (fax)
http://www.pitt.edu/~fasgrad/french.html

PRIMARY FACULTY: Professors: LOMBARDO, RUSSELL (Chair), SCHWARTZ; Associate Professors: BLUMENFELD-KOSINSKI, DONATO (Joint, Education), GODT (Teaching Coordinator - Italian), HICKS, LOONEY (Director, Medieval and Renaissance Studies Program), MERIZ, SAVOIA; Assistant Professors: CITTON, WATTS

EMERITUS FACULTY: Professors: KOCH, SARGENT-BAUR, ST. AUBYN; Associate Professor: ALBERT

The department offers programs leading to the MA degree in French or Italian and to the PhD degree in French. Although the majority of the programs are in literature and civilization, the department offers other programs as well. There is an MA program in French linguistics and an MA with certification in French or Italian offered in association with the School of Education. In addition, the department participates in the Medieval and Renaissance Studies Program, where students may work toward a graduate certificate in conjunction with the PhD (see Interdisciplinary Programs) and the Program for Cultural Studies where students may prepare graduate certificates at the MA or PhD level.

Admission to Graduate Status
In general, students accepted into the graduate program must meet the following criteria:

1. They should have completed an undergraduate major (or equivalent) in the language and literature they propose to study at the graduate level.

2. They must be able to enroll in courses that are taught entirely in French and/or Italian. This presupposes a high level of skill in speaking, reading, and writing in their major language.

3. Students applying for the graduate program in French must present scores from the general sections of the Graduate Record Examination.

4. It is recommended that incoming students have a reading knowledge of a second Romance language or of Latin.

Financial Assistance
A limited number of teaching assistantships and fellowships are available to qualified students. Students interested in these awards should apply in writing to the department. For information concerning the Andrew Mellon Pre-Doctoral Fellowships and Provost's Fellowships in the Humanities, students should contact the Office of the Dean of Graduate Studies. (See Financial Assistance.)

Degrees
The minimal requirements for the degrees established by the Graduate Faculty of the University and by the Office of Graduate Studies, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, as described elsewhere in the bulletin, should be read in conjunction with the specific departmental requirements for these degrees in the following sections.

Master of Arts Programs
A. MA in French Language and Literature

A minimum of eight one-term courses is required, of which at least six must be 2000-level courses.

Candidates for the MA with a major in French must demonstrate the ability to read either a Romance language other than their major one or Latin or German by taking the appropriate department reading exam or by completing with a grade of B or better the second term of a course specifically designed as a reading course (i.e., Spanish 0008). Such courses may not exist in all languages (i.e., Italian).

Students must also pass comprehensive examinations and fulfill the following additional requirements:

1. Seminar paper. The paper, written in French in a course specifically designed as a seminar, must be approved by two faculty members.

2. Critical reading. Students must take FR 2710 and 2711 (Introduction to the Study of Literature) or the equivalent and pass it with a grade of B or better.

3. Language proficiency in French. Students whose native language is not French may meet this requirement by passing an examination during the first year of residence or by taking and passing FR 1032 with a grade of A or B.

Students should also consult the department's Graduate Policy Statement for information on comprehensive examinations and other departmental regulations.

B. MA in Italian Language and Literature

A minimum of eight one-term courses is required. These courses will include ITAL 2801 (History of the Italian Language), 2710 and 2711 (Introduction to the Study of Literature) or the equivalent, and at least four other 2000-level courses. MA candidates must also pass the comprehensive examinations and fulfill the following additional requirements:

1. Seminar paper. This paper, written in Italian, must be approved by two faculty members.

2. Candidates for the MA with a major in Italian must demonstrate the ability to read either a Romance language other than their major one or Latin or German by passing a reading exam prepared by the appropriate department or by completing with a grade of B or better the second term of a course specifically designed as a reading course (i.e., Spanish 0008). Such courses may not exist in all languages (i.e., Italian).

3. Language proficiency. Entering students must take and pass an entrance examination in the Italian language unless they have the laurea from an Italian university.

C. MA in French Linguistics

A minimum of eight one-term courses is required, of which at least six must be 2000-level courses. These will be distributed in the following manner:

1. FR 2100 or the equivalent.
2. FR 2801.
3. One course in French literature.
4. Two courses in the Department of General Linguistics above the introductory level (i.e., 1950).
5. FR 1038 (Structure of Modern French).
6. One seminar (course or directed study) on a linguistic topic.
7. FR 2970, 2972 or 2973.

In addition, the candidate will demonstrate a basic knowledge of Latin, as defined by one year of college-level instruction or the equivalent, and pass comprehensive examinations, as described in the Graduate Policy Statement.

D. MA in French or Italian with Certification for Teaching in Pennsylvania

Candidates for this degree will, in addition to the requirements of the School of Education, satisfy all requirements for the MA in French or Italian.

Students choosing the program must fulfill the entrance requirements of the School of Education and be admitted to that school, but because the degree is a Master of Arts in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, the student will enroll in the Department of French and Italian Languages and Literatures.

Every student in the program must hold a teaching assistantship for a minimum of two terms. Beyond this minimum, the departmental regulations concerning teaching assistantships will be observed.

Doctoral Program
PhD in French Language and Literature

Before students may be considered for admission to candidacy for the PhD they must complete successfully a minimum of eight 2000-level courses (24 credits) beyond the MA. The course work must include:

1. One course in French linguistics. FR 2801 (History of the French Language) is strongly recommended.

2. FR 2100 (Readings in Old, Middle, and Early Modern French) if this course or an equivalent has not been taken at the MA level; the requirement may also be met by taking and passing the final examination for the course.

3. Three seminars in which the student writes seminar papers. One seminar paper must be written in English and at least one of the other two papers must be in French.

4. Four more courses. Some of these may, with the adviser's consent, be taken in other departments.

Admission to Candidacy
The courses that candidates take represent only part of their total preparation for the PhD. Before admission to formal candidacy for the degree, they must meet the following requirements.

1. In accordance with graduate school policy, students in a PhD program must undergo a preliminary evaluation by the end of the first year of full residence. The purpose of this evaluation is to identify those students who may be expected to complete a doctoral program successfully, and also to identify deficiencies in the students' preparation. To satisfy this requirement, graduate students in French will meet with a faculty committee during the second term of residence for an evaluation of the record of performance in the first term on the basis of grades and reports from the students' instructors.

2. Candidates for the PhD in French language and literature must give evidence of ability to read German or Latin or a Romance language other than their major language and one additional language to be chosen according to the candidates' interests and needs and in consultation with their advisers.

3. Candidates for the PhD must present an oral explication de texte before a faculty committee.

4. Candidates will pass comprehensive examinations as described in the departmental Graduate Policy Statement.

Upon successful completion of these requirements, each student must present to the prospective doctoral committee a brief prospectus describing the subject on which the candidate proposes to write the doctoral dissertation. Students should then, in consultation with the dissertation director, file an application for admission to candidacy for the PhD degree. When the topic has been accepted and the proposed committee has been approved by the departmental chair and the dean, the student will be informed of admission to candidacy.

All candidates for the PhD are normally expected to do some teaching as part of their professional preparation.

Courses
The following courses carry graduate credit within the limits established in the various programs.

French
1001 POETRY (Fall 1994)
1002 FRENCH THEATER (Spring 1995)
1003 NOVEL I: THE NOVEL TO FLAUBERT (Fall 1995)
1004 NOVEL II: FLAUBERT AND THE MODERN NOVEL (Spring 1996)
1010 MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE TOPICS (Russell, Schwartz)
1012 17TH-CENTURY TOPICS (Hicks)
1014 18TH-CENTURY TOPICS (Citton)
1016 19TH-CENTURY TOPICS (Lombardo)
1018 20TH-CENTURY TOPICS (Lombardo, Watts)
1032 STYLISTICS (Fall 1994)
1038 STRUCTURE OF MODERN FRENCH (Meriz)
1039 APPLIED LINGUISTICS: FRENCH FOR TEACHERS (Meriz)
1040 FRENCH LANGUAGE PAST AND PRESENT (Meriz)
1050 FRENCH CIVILIZATION I (Fall, 1995)
1051 FRENCH CIVILIZATION II (Spring 1996)
1052-1059 FRENCH CIVILIZATION: SPECIAL TOPICS
2100 READINGS IN OLD, MIDDLE, AND EARLY MODERN FRENCH (Meriz)
2101 MEDIEVAL FRENCH LITERATURE
2102 MEDIEVAL TOPICS
2104 VILLON
2105 SEMINARS: MEDIEVAL TOPIC
2200 RENAISSANCE POETRY (Russell, Schwartz)
2201 RENAISSANCE PROSE (Schwartz)
2202 RABELAIS AND HIS TIMES (Russell)
2203 SEMINAR: MONTAIGNE (Russell, Schwartz)
2225 SEMINAR: 16TH-CENTURY TOPIC (Russell, Schwartz)
2300 17TH-CENTURY LITERATURE (Hicks)
2301 FRENCH CLASSICISM (Hicks)
2305 SEMINAR: 17TH-CENTURY TOPIC (Hicks)
2306 SEMINAR: RACINE (Hicks)
2310 THE INVENTION OF MODERNITY
2401 18TH-CENTURY LITERATURE: GENERAL TOPIC (Citton)
2402 TOPICS IN 17TH- AND 18TH-CENTURY FRENCH CULTURE (Citton)
2403 LES PHILOSOPHES (Citton)
2405 SEMINAR: 18TH-CENTURY TOPIC
2406 SEMINAR: ROUSSEAU (Citton)
2410 TEXTS AND IDEALS OF REVOLUTION
2415 THE NOVELS OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT (Citton)
2500 19TH-CENTURY LITERATURE: GENERAL TOPIC
2501 PARIS PROSE AND POLITICS: 19TH-CENTURY FRANCE (Lombardo)
2502 SEMINAR: FLAUBERT (Lombardo)
2505 SEMINAR: 19TH-CENTURY TOPIC (Lombardo)
2510 FRENCH ROMANTICISM (Lombardo)
2600 20TH-CENTURY LITERATURE (Watts)
2601 FRENCH LITERATURE WW I - WW II
2602 LITERATURE AND WORLD WAR II (Watts)
2605 SEMINAR: 20TH-CENTURY TOPIC
2606 SEMINAR: GENET (Watts)
2607 SEMINAR: CELINE (Watts)
2701 CRITICAL READING (Fall 1992)
2702 PROBLEMS IN LITERARY CRITICISM
2703 SEMINARS ON AREA TOPICS, GENRES, AND THEMES
2710 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF LITERATURE I
2711 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF LITERATURE II
2801 HISTORY OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE (Meriz)
2802 INTRODUCTION TO OLD PROVENCAL (Meriz)
2803 SEMINAR: PROBLEMS IN SYNCHRONIC FRENCH LINGUISTICS (Meriz)
2804 SEMINAR: PROBLEMS IN DIACHRONIC FRENCH LINGUISTICS (Meriz)
2810 COMPARATIVE ROMANCE LINGUISTICS I (also listed as ITAL 2800, SPAN 2393)
Prerequisite: reading knowledge of Latin.
2811 COMPARATIVE ROMANCE LINGUISTICS II (also listed as ITAL 2810, SPAN 2394)
Prerequisite: reading knowledge of Latin.
2902 DIRECTED STUDY FOR THE MA
2910 COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION MA
2970 TEACHING OF FRENCH
Students holding teaching assistantships and fellowships must register for this course
during the first term of their appointment.
2972 HED: FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION: THEORY AND PRACTICE (Fall)
2973 HED: ISSUES IN TEACHING/LEARNING FOREIGN LANGUAGE (Spring)
2990 INDEPENDENT READING
3000 RESEARCH AND DISSERTATION PhD
3902 DIRECTED STUDY (POST-MA)
3910 COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION PhD

Italian
1060 SPECIAL TOPICS
1061 DANTE I (Looney)
1062 DANTE II
1063 PETRARCH AND BOCCACCIO
1064 NOVEL (Savoia)
1065 LYRIC POETRY (Savoia)
1066 EPIC POETRY (Looney)
1067 ITALIAN THEATER (Savoia)
1068 ITALIAN NOVELLA
2100 DUECENTO
2200 DANTE
2201 TRECENTO
2202 PETRARCH: POET AND HUMANIST
2203 BOCCACCIO AND THE WORLD OF TRECENTO
2300 QUATTROCENTO, CINQUECENTO (Looney)
2301 NOVELLA (Godt)
2302 THEATER OF THE RENAISSANCE (Savoia)
2305 TASSO
2310 BOCCACCIO AND RENAISSANCE IN FERRARA
2315 RENAISSANCE HUMANISM
2320 ARIOSTO AND VERNACULAR CLASSICISM
2400 SEICENTO
2410 SETTECENTO (Savoia)
2420 GOLDONI
2500 OTTOCENTO I (Godt)
2501 OTTOCENTO II (Godt)
2510 LEOPARDI
2511 MANZONI (Godt)
2512 VERGA
2513 FOSCOLO
2600 NOVECENTO I (Godt)
2601 NOVECENTO II
2700 LITERARY CRITICISM (Looney)
2701 SPECIAL TOPICS
2710 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF LITERATURE I
2711 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF LITERATURE II
2750 SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE IN ITALIAN LITERATURE
2800 COMPARATIVE ROMANCE LINGUISTICS I (also listed as FR 2810, SPAN 2393)
Prerequisite: reading knowledge of Latin.
2801 HISTORY OF THE ITALIAN LANGUAGE (Looney)
2802 STYLISTICS
2810 COMPARATIVE ROMANCE LINGUISTICS II (also listed as FR 2811, SPAN 2394)
Prerequisite: reading knowledge of Latin.
2902 DIRECTED STUDY
2910 COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION MA
2970 TEACHING OF ITALIAN
2990 INDEPENDENT STUDY

Geology and Planetary Science
Department Chair: Thomas Anderson
Main Office: 321 Old Engineering Hall
(412) 624-8784 (phone) (412) 624-3914 (fax)
http://www.pitt.edu/~harbert/Geology_Planetary_Science.html

PRIMARY FACULTY: Professors: ANDERSON (Chair), CASSIDY, DONAHUE, HAPKE, LIDIAK, ROLLINS; Associate Professors: BIKERMAN, HARBERT; Assistant Professors: BERATAN, CAPO, CROWN, STEWART; Research Professor: SHARKEY

AFFILIATED FACULTY: (Adjunct faculty and those with primary appointments in other areas) Professors: BRAND (Adjunct), CARTER (Adjunct), DAWSON (Adjunct), DEUL (Adjunct), GATEWOOD (Physics and Astronomy), KING (Adjunct); Associate Professors: KRISHTALKA (Adjunct), SUCOV (Volunteer Senior Research Associate), WHITLOCK (Adjunct); Assistant Professors: BREZINSKI (Adjunct), HARVEY (Adjunct), HUTCHINSON (Adjunct), LUGAR (University Library System), STUCKY (Adjunct)

EMERITUS FACULTY: Professor: HSIEH; Associate Professors: DEHN, PILANT, STRICK

Graduate Study
Graduate work includes specialization in geology, geochemistry, geophysics, planetary science, and environmental science, leading to the MS and PhD degrees in Geology and Planetary Science.

Admission
A prospective graduate student must first meet the requirements for entrance to graduate study in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. (See Admission and Registration.) If the student has completed a substantial number of credits in an undergraduate program in one of the natural sciences (e.g., astronomy, biology, chemistry, geology, physics), mathematics, or engineering with satisfactory grades, he or she will be admitted to full graduate status. If the undergraduate program is insufficient, due either to major course deficiencies or to unacceptable grade averages, the student may be admitted to provisional graduate status. Each application is reviewed individually, as there is no rigid credit requirement or set of required courses for admission. Graduate Record Examination (GRE) scores are required of all applicants. Advanced test scores are not required.

Application for admission should be made to the Department of Geology and Planetary Science. Upon admission, all graduate students are assigned a temporary advisor who aids in determining an appropriate course of study and in the selection of a field of research.

Master of Science Degree Requirements
The University residence requirement of two terms of full residence or its equivalent of 24 credits must be met. A minimum of 18 credits of formal lecture and laboratory courses numbered above 1000 are required by the department, 12 of which must be taken within the department. Furthermore, 12 of the 18 credits must be of the 2000 or 3000 series. A minimum grade point average of 3.0 must be maintained for these 18 credits. No course numbered below 1000 may be applied toward graduation requirements.

There is no language requirement, nor is there any preliminary examination for the MS degree in geology and planetary science. The graduate student seeking a master's degree is required to take a comprehensive examination in order to demonstrate sufficient mastery of the field of graduate study. The comprehensive examination consists of two parts: written and oral. Both examinations are administered by the student's major advisor and two additional members of the departmental faculty, who comprise the thesis committee. The student will be examined in the area of the proposed thesis and in two related areas.

The student must present a thesis showing marked accomplishment in the field of his or her major subject and competency in the methods and techniques of scientific investigation. The thesis is to be the result of an independent investigation conducted by the student. The subject of the research must be approved by the major advisor and the committee under whose guidance the candidate is going to work. There is an oral defense of the thesis as well as a formal departmental seminar presentation. All MS theses shall serve as sources of published material. Each MS candidate must submit for publication either: (a) a manuscript to a professional journal or (b) an abstract to a meeting of a recognized international, national, or regional scientific or engineering organization.

All graduate students must be on active status and registered in the term of graduation. Active status is defined as 1 credit of registration in a 12 month period.

Doctor of Philosophy Degree Requirements
The University requirement of six terms of full residence or its equivalent of 72 credits must be met. A minimum of 36 credits of formal lecture and laboratory courses numbered 1000 or above are required; of these, at least 18 must be taken within the department. No course numbered below 1000 may be applied toward graduation requirements. Students may transfer credits earned at another accredited institution in an approved degree-granting graduate program toward the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Pittsburgh if the transfer meets University guidelines (See Admission and Registration).

There is no formal language requirement, although individual advisors may require a reading knowledge of a foreign language.

After a student with full graduate status has completed the first academic year in residence or completed 18 credits, he or she shall take the preliminary examination in the succeeding term of residence. This oral examination will be administered by a preliminary advising committee (or upon request of the student, a combined written and oral exam will be given). The examination may cover material equivalent to the student's undergraduate work, related materials from other sciences and mathematics, and materials covered in graduate-level courses taken by the student.

After the student has passed the preliminary examination, selected an advisor and identified a dissertation topic, he or she is eligible to take the comprehensive examination. This examination is administered by the major advisor and four other departmental faculty members and consists of a comprehensive written examination, followed by an oral review. The student will be examined in his or her specialty and related areas. In this examination, the student will be required to demonstrate

(a) knowledge of the facts, concepts, resource materials, history, and current literature in the discipline; and (b) ability to synthesize research materials and data into new, creative concepts relevant to the management and accomplishment of a research project.

Upon selection of a dissertation topic and after successfully completing the comprehensive examination, the student must assemble a doctoral committee, to which the student presents an overview of the proposed dissertation topic. The doctoral committee consists of five or more persons, including at least four members of the Graduate Faculty from the department and at least one Graduate Faculty member from outside the department. The dissertation overview will consist of a written abstract and oral presentation, which will include a clear and concise statement of the purpose and scope of the proposed research, the approach, and the expected outcome. Progress will be reviewed at least annually by the committee in meetings with the student.

Each student must write and present a dissertation embodying an extensive original investigation of a problem of significance in his or her field of specialization. The dissertation must add to the general store of knowledge or understanding in its field and be of sufficient importance to merit publication. There is an oral defense of the dissertation as well as a formal departmental seminar presentation.

All PhD dissertations shall serve as sources of published material. A manuscript related to the dissertation research must be prepared and submitted for publication before the degree is awarded.

In addition to the general regulations stated in this bulletin, the department issues a pamphlet describing requirements and procedures in more detail. This may be obtained by writing to the departmental office. For information concerning fellowships, scholarships, and awards, see Financial Assistance.

Research
Principal areas of active research are environmental geology, paleoecology, invertebrate and vertebrate paleontology, sedimentology and basin analysis, geomagnetism, paleo- and rock-

magnetism, magnetostratigraphy, geophysics, lunar and planetary science, remote sensing, analytical geochemistry, geochronology, Precambrian geology, regional and plate tectonics, igneous and metamorphic petrology, and volcanology.

Special Facilities
The department has equipment for petrological, geochemical, and magnetic research. Included are X-ray diffraction, IR, UV and visible light spectrophotometers, a gas mass spectrometer; a laboratory for analytical geochemistry; an experimental petrology laboratory; a rock magnetism and paleomagnetism laboratory, including high-sensitivity cryogenic magnetometers in a magnetically-shielded room; and a thermoluminescence (TL) lab. A remote sensing laboratory for image processing and analysis consisting of several workstations, optical storage disk, and software is available. The large-scale processing of geophysical and remote sensing data is possible using departmental computers and the facilities of Pitt's Computing and Information Systems. Access to the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center is also available. The facilities and extensive collections of the Carnegie Museum of Pittsburgh can be utilized for paleontological research. Additional analytical instrumentation, including SEM, are on campus, as well as access to analytical equipment in the Chemistry Department and the Metallurgy and Materials Science Department within the School of Engineering.

Additional information about departmental programs and course offerings may be obtained by writing the Chair, Department of Geology and Planetary Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260-3332.

Undergraduate Courses Carrying Graduate Credit
For description see the CAS Course Descriptions published every term.

1001 MINERALOGY 4 cr.
1002 OPTICAL MINERALOGY 4 cr.
1003 IGNEOUS AND METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY 4 cr.
1020 SEDIMENTOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY 4 cr.
1050 REGIONAL GEOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES 4 cr.
1051 GROUNDWATER GEOLOGY 3 cr.
1060 GEOMORPHOLOGY 4 cr.
1079 FIELD METHODS 1 cr.
1080 GEOARCHAEOLOGY 3 cr.
1100 STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY 4 cr.
1200 PALEONTOLOGY 4 cr.
1201 EXTINCTIONS 3 cr.
1240 EVOLUTION OF VERTEBRATES 3 cr.
1241 EVOLUTION OF MAMMALS 3 cr.
1400 INTRODUCTION TO SOLID-EARTH GEOPHYSICS 3 cr.
1410 EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICS 3 cr.
1411 GEOPHYSICS LABORATORY 1 cr.
1412 GEOPHYSICAL DATA PROCESSING 3 cr.
1413 WELL LOGGING 2 cr.
1460 REMOTE SENSING 3 cr.
1500 INTRODUCTION TO GEOCHEMISTRY 3 cr.
1501 ANALYTICAL GEOCHEMISTRY 3 cr.
1601 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY OF ORES 3 cr.
1602 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY OF NONMETALS 3 cr.
1640 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS 3 cr.
1701 GEOLOGY OF THE PLANETS 3 cr.
1901 INDEPENDENT STUDY var. cr.
1903 DIRECTED RESEARCH var. cr.
1904 DIRECTED READING var. cr.
1960 FIELD CAMP var. cr.

Germanic Languages and Literatures
Department Chair: Dee Ashliman
Main Office: 1409 Cathedral of Learning
(412) 624-5909 (phone) (412) 624-6318 (fax)
http://www.pitt.edu/~fasgrad/german.html

PRIMARY FACULTY: Professor: CONERMANN (Graduate Advisor); Associate Professors: ASHLIMAN (Chair), COLIN, HAKE, HARRIS-SCHENZ (Director of Language Studies), MUENZER (Undergraduate Advisor); Assistant Professor: VON DIRKE

AFFILIATED FACULTY (Adjunct faculty and those with primary appointments in other areas) Professor: RINGER (History); Associate Professor: POST (Adjunct, University of Augsburg)

EMERITUS FACULTY: Professors: JONAS, PFEFFER

The department offers programs leading to the degrees of Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy.

Admission
Students seeking admission to full graduate status are normally expected to have completed a BA in German with a minimum average grade of B (3.0). Students with undergraduate training in fields other than German can be given consideration for full graduate status if they possess the background in German necessary to compete successfully in graduate-level courses.

Financial Aid
Students with a high proficiency in oral German are eligible for teaching assistantships or teaching fellowships. Students may also apply for graduate tuition scholarships, Andrew Mellon Predoctoral Fellowships, the Lillian B. Lawler Scholarship/Fellowship, the Provost's Humanities Fellowships, the Fellowships in Cultural Studies, and Exchange Fellowships with the Universities of Augsburg and Bonn. A number of these fellowships are available for first-year graduate students. Interested candidates should submit their completed applications to the department by the beginning of January. (See Financial Assistance.)

Master of Arts Degree
The Master of Arts degree may be obtained in a two-year course of study. In certain exceptional cases the department admits students who intend to complete their MA degree in one academic year. The program is designed to provide students with a high level of language proficiency, a broad knowledge of German literature, and an understanding of the cultural tradition and contemporary life in the German-speaking countries. The core curriculum within the department is complemented by a series of options in other departments and programs designed to provide students with knowledge and skills useful in a number of teaching and non-teaching careers.

Course of Studies and Requirements
The requirements for the MA degree include 30 credits of graduate seminars within the department and an MA project (up to three credits of GER 2000). All seminars counting toward the MA must be taken for letter grades. With the approval of the graduate director, six of the thirty seminar credits may be taken outside the department. All teaching assistants/fellows must successfully pass German 2970 as a basis for continuing financial support as a teaching assistant or fellow.

MA students who wish to continue for the PhD may be exempted from the MA project requirement provided they have taken at least one of their graduate seminars at the 3000-level. They may then petition the faculty to substitute three additional credits of course work for the MA project. Students writing the MA project should select an advisor by the end of their second semester. The completed paper (about 35-50 pages) should be submitted during the week following the spring term recess to the faculty adviser.

In addition to the satisfactory completion of courses (B average), students must demonstrate a high level of proficiency in writing both German and English by submitting for departmental approval at least one paper written in German and one paper written in English. They must also demonstrate reading proficiency in an additional language by the end of their last term of study. The language may be either one taught in secondary schools, or one central to the German cultural traditions, or one related to a student's research interest.

Doctor of Philosophy Degree
Admission to Graduate Study and the Preliminary Evaluation

Students applying for graduate study must indicate if they intend to pursue the PhD degree. PhD students are normally expected to have completed an undergraduate program in German with a minimum average grade of A- (3.7). Students with undergraduate training in fields other than German can be given consideration for full graduate status if they possess the background in German necessary to compete successfully in graduate-level courses. Students who enter the program with an MA from other institutions, as well as students who complete their MA at the University of Pittsburgh, must successfully undergo a preliminary evaluation by the end of their first year of study after the MA, or in their last term of MA study respectively. This evaluation consists of a one-hour oral qualifying examination and the submission of a research paper which in the student's judgment represents his/her best scholarly work. Students without an MA in German who continue PhD work may receive the MA after completing their MA course work, their research project (by the end of their fifth term), and their qualifying examination. Students must submit a second paper (12 pp.) written either in German or English, depending on the language of the research paper which was part of the preliminary evaluation.

Course of Studies and Requirements
The requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy comprise 60 credits of graduate course work (including 30 from MA studies at the University of Pittsburgh, or 24 from MA studies at other institutions). All of the departmental seminars counting toward the PhD must be taken for letter grades. With the approval of the Graduate Director, up to 18 of the 60 credits may be completed in graduate courses offered by other academic programs and departments. Six of these credits may be earned on an S/N basis. Six of the 60 course credits may be taken as Directed Study (GER 2902 or GER 3902). PhD candidates must complete at least 18 credits of departmental course work at the 3000-level.

Courses completed outside the department may be designated to fulfill established requirements for certificates in cognate programs (e.g., Renaissance and Medieval Studies, Western European Studies, and Cultural Studies). Or they may be used to develop a subspecialty in connection with German (Second Language Acquisition, Film Studies, Fine Arts, History, Jewish Studies, Music, Philosophy, or another language, for example). The department defines course requirements for appropriate subspecialties in consultation with other departments and programs. In all cases, however, students opting for a six-course subspecialty will complete at least 12 credits of their outside course work (four courses) for letter grades.

In addition to the satisfactory completion of courses (A- average), students must demonstrate a high level of proficiency in both spoken and written German and English. (They must submit for departmental approval at least one paper written in German and one paper written in English). In addition to the MA language requirement, they must acquire reading proficiency in either French or Latin and demonstrate it by the end of the term when they complete their dissertation prospectus.

Students entering the program without an MA degree normally take the comprehensive examination during their third year of full-time study, but no later than the end of their fourth year. Students entering the program with an MA normally take this examination during their third and fourth semesters of full-time study. At the time of the comprehensive examination, PhD Program students without an MA must have completed at least 12 three-credit courses within the Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures. Students who have previously earned an MA are expected to complete six such courses. At least two of these courses are to be taken at the 3000-level. In addition, students without an MA degree must have completed six additional credits of course work (S/N or letter grade). These credits may be earned in approved courses outside the department.

The PhD comprehensive examination, which cannot be retaken, is normally taken within one academic year over two consecutive semesters. It consists of six written sections, each three hours long, as well as a one-hour oral general examination. The written sections are based on topics and questions chosen by the student in accordance with specific guidelines and in consultation with an examining committee of three faculty members appointed by the graduate director. They include at least one literary period, one genre, one author, one theoretical issue, and two additional topics selected by the student. The oral section of the examination offers opportunities to pursue issues raised in the written sections, including possible connections between topics. It also affords students an opportunity to demonstrate general familiarity with the history of German literature and culture. The comprehensive examination must receive at least an A- grade to qualify the student for the PhD.

In order to demonstrate academic promise, PhD students are expected to submit to the faculty two papers (one in English and one in German). Both papers are to be handed in at the beginning of the term in which a student takes the comprehensive examination. The papers may be seminar papers, a thesis prospectus, or an independent research project.

With the formal approval of a thesis prospectus (10-15 pages) by the doctoral committee, students are admitted to PhD candidacy. Students writing dissertations must meet with their full doctoral committee once a year.

The thesis must be approved by the doctoral committee after a public defense.

Graduate Courses
2000 MA THESIS RESEARCH
2100 RESEARCH METHODS AND MATERIALS
2110 PROSEMINAR IN LITERARY THEORY
2140 PROSEMINAR IN LITERARY HISTORY
2142/3142 CULTURAL HISTORY TO THE 18TH CENTURY
2144/3144 INTELLECTUAL HISTORY: LESSING TO FREUD
2146/3146 THE PLOTTING OF HISTORY
2148/3148 HISTORY, MEMORY, AND NARRATIVE
2150/3150 FOLKLORE IN LITERATURE
2160/3160 IMAGE IN LITERATURE
2170 PROSEMINAR IN LINGUISTICS
2194/3194 MIDDLE HIGH GERMAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
2200/3200 LYRIC POETRY
2212/3212 FOLKTALES
2250/3250 TOPICS IN MEDIEVAL LITERATURE
2300/3300 RENAISSANCE AND REFORMATION
2400/3400 17TH-CENTURY LITERATURE
2510/3510 17TH-CENTURY LANGUAGE ACADEMIES
2600/3600 AGE OF GOETHE
2601/3601 STURM UND DRANG
2608/3608 ROMANTICISM
2610/3610 GOETHE
2611/3611 GOETHE'S DRAMAS
2612/3612 GOETHE'S FAUST
2613/3613 GOETHE'S POETRY
2660/3660 CLASSICAL DRAMA
2700/3700 LITERATURE AND CULTURE 1830-1900
2702/3702 DOUBLE OUTCASTS
2703/3703 JEWISH CONTRIBUTIONS TO GERMAN LITERATURE
2808/3808 GERMANY AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY
2810/3810 WEIMAR CULTURE
2820/3820 KAFKA
2822/3822 THOMAS MANN
2826/3826 BRECHT
2830/3830 MODERN POETRY
2840/3840 MODERN DRAMA
2850/3850 THE MODERN NOVEL
2860/3860 POST-WAR LITERATURE AND CULTURE
2865/3865 CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE AND CULTURE
2870/3870 GDR LITERATURE
2880/3880 NAZI CINEMA
2882/3882 TOPICS IN GERMAN CINEMA
2884/3884 WEIMAR CINEMA
2902 DIRECTED MA STUDY
2970 TEACHING OF GERMAN
2990 MA INDEPENDENT STUDY
3000 PhD DISSERTATION RESEARCH
3902 PhD DIRECTED STUDY
3990 PhD INDEPENDENT STUDY

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